Cutting speed limits for cleaner air?

Cutting speed limits for cleaner air?

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Discussion

Pan Pan Pan

10,006 posts

113 months

Sunday 24th June 2018
quotequote all
Evanivitch said:
Pan Pan Pan said:
Are you serious?. Most modern cars have very low drag coefficients, and every vehicle has an optimum speed at which it can travel, covering the most distance at its optimum speed.
50 mph is not, let me repeat that, not an optimum speed for most of the vehicles on UK roads, especially for those who must cover long distances, Artificially limiting speed to 50mph is not going to change emissions from UK vehicles very much from a vehicle doing 70 mph.
For a given journey artificially limiting a vehicles speed below its optimum speed means it will have to run for another half hour to cover the same distance If you were talking about speed well above a vehicles optimum speed, you might have a point, but that is not what is being discussed.
This suggested 50 mph limit is just another snide attempt by some, to make the whole point of car use less desirable or useful to the majority of road users, and would do virtually nothing if anything to change emissions from cars, Only a drastic reduction in the number of cars on UK roads would do that, but perhaps that is what you want to happen, are you anti car?
At what point does the aerodynamic resistance and friction on a car decrease at a greater speed?

So say 50mph was the optimum speed for a car. Over 100 miles, would it use more or less fuel than travelling at 25mph? Broad terms, no need to reach into BSFC.
The optimum speed for my car is 75mph. Optimum speed means that which allows it to cover the greatest distance for the lest amount of fuel. but let`s keep it legal and say the optimum speed is 70mph. At this speed I can technically cover a distance of 100 miles in 1 hour twenty minutes. If I did the same journey at 50 mph it would take another 25 minutes to cover the same distance. That means the engine is burning fuel for another 25 minutes, after the car which did 70mph has been switched off, If I drive faster than the optimum speed for my car, I burn more fuel, If I drive well below the optimum speed at 50mph, I burn more fuel, not least because at 50mph I would have to be continually changing from 4th to top and back again to keep the engine revs in a comfortable range, not forgetting that as above I would have to keep the engine running for another 25 minutes to reach the same destination. So any overall effects on fuel burned and emissions between a car doing 70mph and one doing 50, are going to be small, but will make the journeys for those who do long distances tedious and inefficient, with the attendant negative effect on peoples time, businesses deliveries etc.
Where do you want to stop? when we have got back to the man walking in front of every car with a red flag?

TheDrBrian

5,444 posts

224 months

Sunday 24th June 2018
quotequote all
Pan Pan Pan said:
Evanivitch said:
Pan Pan Pan said:
Are you serious?. Most modern cars have very low drag coefficients, and every vehicle has an optimum speed at which it can travel, covering the most distance at its optimum speed.
50 mph is not, let me repeat that, not an optimum speed for most of the vehicles on UK roads, especially for those who must cover long distances, Artificially limiting speed to 50mph is not going to change emissions from UK vehicles very much from a vehicle doing 70 mph.
For a given journey artificially limiting a vehicles speed below its optimum speed means it will have to run for another half hour to cover the same distance If you were talking about speed well above a vehicles optimum speed, you might have a point, but that is not what is being discussed.
This suggested 50 mph limit is just another snide attempt by some, to make the whole point of car use less desirable or useful to the majority of road users, and would do virtually nothing if anything to change emissions from cars, Only a drastic reduction in the number of cars on UK roads would do that, but perhaps that is what you want to happen, are you anti car?
At what point does the aerodynamic resistance and friction on a car decrease at a greater speed?

So say 50mph was the optimum speed for a car. Over 100 miles, would it use more or less fuel than travelling at 25mph? Broad terms, no need to reach into BSFC.
The optimum speed for my car is 75mph. Optimum speed means that which allows it to cover the greatest distance for the lest amount of fuel. but let`s keep it legal and say the optimum speed is 70mph. At this speed I can technically cover a distance of 100 miles in 1 hour twenty minutes. If I did the same journey at 50 mph it would take another 25 minutes to cover the same distance. That means the engine is burning fuel for another 25 minutes, after the car which did 70mph has been switched off, If I drive faster than the optimum speed for my car, I burn more fuel, If I drive well below the optimum speed at 50mph, I burn more fuel, not least because at 50mph I would have to be continually changing from 4th to top and back again to keep the engine revs in a comfortable range, not forgetting that as above I would have to keep the engine running for another 25 minutes to reach the same destination. So any overall effects on fuel burned and emissions between a car doing 70mph and one doing 50, are going to be small, but will make the journeys for those who do long distances tedious and inefficient, with the attendant negative effect on peoples time, businesses deliveries etc.
Where do you want to stop? when we have got back to the man walking in front of every car with a red flag?
Why would any manufacture design a car with a peak efficiency is illegal to use in every country ?

What car is it?

garagewidow

1,502 posts

172 months

Sunday 24th June 2018
quotequote all
I would think any car that is restricted to 155mph would well be over the limit when in top gear running at it's most efficient.

take your pick.

John145

2,449 posts

158 months

Sunday 24th June 2018
quotequote all
TheDrBrian said:
Why would any manufacture design a car with a peak efficiency is illegal to use in every country ?

What car is it?
My E60 530d achieved an absolute maximum of 39mpg in the uk driving at 70-75mph. Now I’m in Germany same car is averaging 41mpg. Same tyres, same everything, only difference is average speed has increased 30mph. (Average in uk is 55 and in Germany 85),

I think the root causes of this are that it is tuned to be efficient at 2krpm for the German market (which is 85 mph or 140km/h) and that in Germany there is much more consistency to the velocity.

In the UK it is almost impossible to get a 70mph cruise as lorries are continuously overtaking. Whereas in Germany on busy roads or peak times they’re simply banned from overtaking. To the point where lorries are crawling up hill in lane 1 and lanes 2 and 3 are flowing clear at 130km/h.

anonymous-user

56 months

Sunday 24th June 2018
quotequote all
Apart from having to drive at 50mph the bit of all this that I find most frustrating is the analysis, evidence and justification is not put in the public domain.

As a result of this it cannot be scrutinised and generally understood so people see why. All we get is a headline and mostly a lot of frustrated people because it looks like a dictatorial order which annoys people no end.

Evanivitch

20,714 posts

124 months

Sunday 24th June 2018
quotequote all
I've just driven parallel to the extended M4 Port Talbot 50 mph limit and the most incredible thing occurred to me...

The A48 dual carriageway in Baglan that runs parallel to the M4 is still 70, as is the A48/M4 on-slip east bound!


Pan Pan Pan said:
Evanivitch said:
Pan Pan Pan said:
Are you serious?. Most modern cars have very low drag coefficients, and every vehicle has an optimum speed at which it can travel, covering the most distance at its optimum speed.
50 mph is not, let me repeat that, not an optimum speed for most of the vehicles on UK roads, especially for those who must cover long distances, Artificially limiting speed to 50mph is not going to change emissions from UK vehicles very much from a vehicle doing 70 mph.
For a given journey artificially limiting a vehicles speed below its optimum speed means it will have to run for another half hour to cover the same distance If you were talking about speed well above a vehicles optimum speed, you might have a point, but that is not what is being discussed.
This suggested 50 mph limit is just another snide attempt by some, to make the whole point of car use less desirable or useful to the majority of road users, and would do virtually nothing if anything to change emissions from cars, Only a drastic reduction in the number of cars on UK roads would do that, but perhaps that is what you want to happen, are you anti car?
At what point does the aerodynamic resistance and friction on a car decrease at a greater speed?

So say 50mph was the optimum speed for a car. Over 100 miles, would it use more or less fuel than travelling at 25mph? Broad terms, no need to reach into BSFC.
The optimum speed for my car is 75mph. Optimum speed means that which allows it to cover the greatest distance for the lest amount of fuel. but let`s keep it legal and say the optimum speed is 70mph. At this speed I can technically cover a distance of 100 miles in 1 hour twenty minutes. If I did the same journey at 50 mph it would take another 25 minutes to cover the same distance. That means the engine is burning fuel for another 25 minutes, after the car which did 70mph has been switched off, If I drive faster than the optimum speed for my car, I burn more fuel, If I drive well below the optimum speed at 50mph, I burn more fuel, not least because at 50mph I would have to be continually changing from 4th to top and back again to keep the engine revs in a comfortable range, not forgetting that as above I would have to keep the engine running for another 25 minutes to reach the same destination. So any overall effects on fuel burned and emissions between a car doing 70mph and one doing 50, are going to be small, but will make the journeys for those who do long distances tedious and inefficient, with the attendant negative effect on peoples time, businesses deliveries etc.
Where do you want to stop? when we have got back to the man walking in front of every car with a red flag?
Oh wow.

You actually genuinely believe that travelling to a destination faster is more efficient?

If I did 50 MPG at 50 mph, and just say I did 45 MPG (being kind) at 75mph. Say I travelled 50 miles, who would use more fuel?

buggalugs

9,243 posts

239 months

Sunday 24th June 2018
quotequote all
I've tried different diff's on the same car in the past, on my old E30, and the difference in fuel economy depending on revs was not noticeable in my case. I had a diesel style diff doing 1500rpm at 70 and shorter diffs doing 2500-3000 and it made sod all difference to mpg. Obviously if you were doing 70mph in 2nd bouncing off the limiter you'd notice but talking about little differences in gearing making a bigger difference than a massive increase in drag is rediculous in my oppinion.

Willy Nilly

12,511 posts

169 months

Sunday 24th June 2018
quotequote all
Evanivitch said:
Willy Nilly said:
Effeciency and economy aren't the same thing though.
Semantics. Both the ratio of fuel used to useful work.

That may be power, it may be distance travelled.

Willy Nilly said:
I was under the impression that engines convert fuel to useful work best at peak torque. Look at the damage pottering about is doing to diesel engines
Which is why we have gearboxes, to keep engines at their optimum rev position for what we desire.
Efficiency is work out for effort in. We don't get quoted figures for car efficiency, just economy, which isn't the same thing.

My 100hp bike does about 52mpg, my 100hp car does about 48, so which is the most efficient?

Efficiency is grams of fuel used per kilowatt hour and AFAIK the Rolls Royce Trent 900 turbo fans do about 190g/kw/hr, which is good and I believe the Warsila R96 Flex ship engines are about as good.

Here is the test data for my company vehicle https://tractortestlab.unl.edu/documents/Massey%20... where is the one for my car? There isn't one. Note how the company vehicle is more efficient at full load, it's using a lot of fuel, but doing a lot of work.

Evanivitch

20,714 posts

124 months

Sunday 24th June 2018
quotequote all
Willy Nilly said:
Efficiency is work out for effort in.
Nope.

Efficiency is a ratio that you define. Thermal efficiency, fuel efficiency, energy efficiency...

Work has a very specific meaning in physics terms.

Pan Pan Pan

10,006 posts

113 months

Monday 25th June 2018
quotequote all
Evanivitch said:
I've just driven parallel to the extended M4 Port Talbot 50 mph limit and the most incredible thing occurred to me...

The A48 dual carriageway in Baglan that runs parallel to the M4 is still 70, as is the A48/M4 on-slip east bound!


Pan Pan Pan said:
Evanivitch said:
Pan Pan Pan said:
Are you serious?. Most modern cars have very low drag coefficients, and every vehicle has an optimum speed at which it can travel, covering the most distance at its optimum speed.
50 mph is not, let me repeat that, not an optimum speed for most of the vehicles on UK roads, especially for those who must cover long distances, Artificially limiting speed to 50mph is not going to change emissions from UK vehicles very much from a vehicle doing 70 mph.
For a given journey artificially limiting a vehicles speed below its optimum speed means it will have to run for another half hour to cover the same distance If you were talking about speed well above a vehicles optimum speed, you might have a point, but that is not what is being discussed.
This suggested 50 mph limit is just another snide attempt by some, to make the whole point of car use less desirable or useful to the majority of road users, and would do virtually nothing if anything to change emissions from cars, Only a drastic reduction in the number of cars on UK roads would do that, but perhaps that is what you want to happen, are you anti car?
At what point does the aerodynamic resistance and friction on a car decrease at a greater speed?

So say 50mph was the optimum speed for a car. Over 100 miles, would it use more or less fuel than travelling at 25mph? Broad terms, no need to reach into BSFC.
The optimum speed for my car is 75mph. Optimum speed means that which allows it to cover the greatest distance for the lest amount of fuel. but let`s keep it legal and say the optimum speed is 70mph. At this speed I can technically cover a distance of 100 miles in 1 hour twenty minutes. If I did the same journey at 50 mph it would take another 25 minutes to cover the same distance. That means the engine is burning fuel for another 25 minutes, after the car which did 70mph has been switched off, If I drive faster than the optimum speed for my car, I burn more fuel, If I drive well below the optimum speed at 50mph, I burn more fuel, not least because at 50mph I would have to be continually changing from 4th to top and back again to keep the engine revs in a comfortable range, not forgetting that as above I would have to keep the engine running for another 25 minutes to reach the same destination. So any overall effects on fuel burned and emissions between a car doing 70mph and one doing 50, are going to be small, but will make the journeys for those who do long distances tedious and inefficient, with the attendant negative effect on peoples time, businesses deliveries etc.
Where do you want to stop? when we have got back to the man walking in front of every car with a red flag?
Oh wow.

You actually genuinely believe that travelling to a destination faster is more efficient?

If I did 50 MPG at 50 mph, and just say I did 45 MPG (being kind) at 75mph. Say I travelled 50 miles, who would use more fuel?
The one who would have to run their engine for almost another half an hour to get to the same destination, and at a speed that does not allow the engine to run in its most fuel efficient rev range.

Digga

40,595 posts

285 months

Monday 25th June 2018
quotequote all
Interesting.

For PTO work, the Hp.hr/gal is highest on that engine at maximum crankshaft speed.

For drawbar pull, it's slightly different; the 75% load, 82 hp, 1357 rpm gives the best Hp.hr/gal ratio.

Rostfritt

3,098 posts

153 months

Monday 25th June 2018
quotequote all
Welshbeef said:
My car will not go into its top 8th gear at 50mph

55mph yes 50mph it switches into 7th.

As such for my vehicle that not the best option
Your vehicle will be finding the most efficient gear for the speed your are doing, while cruising. To be precise any car with 8 gears actually has a cvt with infinite options, so will put it in one of the pre determined gears that is closest to optimum while still giving the driver a reassuring change in revs while it varies the ratio.

For years the standard fuel economy test has included a run at 90km/h (56mph). For this reason manufacturers have tuned their cars to run as efficiently as possible at this speed. Possibly also why lorries have been restricted to this speed. So for that reason you will improve fuel economy by reducing to 50 or 60 mph. The USA in the 70s reduced the national limit to 55 due to oil prices going up. Not really sure what difference it made to journey times, but people still got around and commuted for hours each way like they do now.

Evanivitch

20,714 posts

124 months

Monday 25th June 2018
quotequote all
Pan Pan Pan said:
The one who would have to run their engine for almost another half an hour to get to the same destination, and at a speed that does not allow the engine to run in its most fuel efficient rev range.
Oh dear.

I suggest you retake GCSE maths.

Pan Pan Pan

10,006 posts

113 months

Monday 25th June 2018
quotequote all
Rostfritt said:
Welshbeef said:
My car will not go into its top 8th gear at 50mph

55mph yes 50mph it switches into 7th.

As such for my vehicle that not the best option
Your vehicle will be finding the most efficient gear for the speed your are doing, while cruising. To be precise any car with 8 gears actually has a cvt with infinite options, so will put it in one of the pre determined gears that is closest to optimum while still giving the driver a reassuring change in revs while it varies the ratio.

For years the standard fuel economy test has included a run at 90km/h (56mph). For this reason manufacturers have tuned their cars to run as efficiently as possible at this speed. Possibly also why lorries have been restricted to this speed. So for that reason you will improve fuel economy by reducing to 50 or 60 mph. The USA in the 70s reduced the national limit to 55 due to oil prices going up. Not really sure what difference it made to journey times, but people still got around and commuted for hours each way like they do now.
The speed limit for goods vehicles on single carriageway road is 50 mph where the posted limit permits this,. and 60 mph for dual carriageways. As posted above if one drives 100 miles at 70 mph or 50 mph, the fuel consumption will be heavier at 70mph , but any savings achieved by driving at 50mph will be mostly or even entirely wiped out by having to run the cars engine for an additional 25 minutes in order to reach the same destination. So any savings in fuel or emissions will be negligible if they exist at all.
Driving at 50 will however have a significant impact on businesses, and people lives, where vans/trucks. salesmen, businessmen, individuals, where a reduced number of deliveries, meetings, appointments in a day, will reduce the efficiencies of those activities. As for the US, driving at 55 mph to destinations many hundreds of miles away is not generally viable, and increases time and costs (for hotels/overnight accommodation), which is why in the US aviation both public and private is much more prevalent.
Usually lower limits are supported by those who don't, or dont have to do high mileages in support of their jobs/family lives etc. Those who putter around to the local shops etc, but who get out of their depth when required to drive long distances on motorways etc. Others for whom time means money/ successfully carrying out their jobs etc would prefer to see motorway speed limits increased, e.g to the 80 mph dry road limits used on French motorways.

Pan Pan Pan

10,006 posts

113 months

Monday 25th June 2018
quotequote all
Evanivitch said:
Pan Pan Pan said:
The one who would have to run their engine for almost another half an hour to get to the same destination, and at a speed that does not allow the engine to run in its most fuel efficient rev range.
Oh dear.

I suggest you retake GCSE maths.
Don't tell me your car runs on air, or perhaps you get to 50 mph and then just coast to your destination with the engine switched off?. Otherwise if you travel at 50 mph, and I at 70, your engine will have to carry on running for almost another half hour AFTER I have switched mine off to reach the same destination. Unless it runs on air of course!,

Evanivitch

20,714 posts

124 months

Monday 25th June 2018
quotequote all
Pan Pan Pan said:
Evanivitch said:
Pan Pan Pan said:
The one who would have to run their engine for almost another half an hour to get to the same destination, and at a speed that does not allow the engine to run in its most fuel efficient rev range.
Oh dear.

I suggest you retake GCSE maths.
Don't tell me your car runs on air, or perhaps you get to 50 mph and then just coast to your destination with the engine switched off?. Otherwise if you travel at 50 mph, and I at 70, your engine will have to carry on running for almost another half hour AFTER I have switched mine off to reach the same destination. Unless it runs on air of course!,
Keep going.

If both cars travel 50 miles, and one does 50 MPG, and one does 45 MPG, how many gallons will each car use?

speedking31

3,586 posts

138 months

Monday 25th June 2018
quotequote all
Pan Pan Pan said:
The optimum speed for my car is 75mph. Optimum speed means that which allows it to cover the greatest distance for the lest amount of fuel. but let`s keep it legal and say the optimum speed is 70mph. At this speed I can technically cover a distance of 100 miles in 1 hour twenty minutes. If I did the same journey at 50 mph it would take another 25 minutes to cover the same distance. That means the engine is burning fuel for another 25 minutes, after the car which did 70mph has been switched off,
MPG, MPG, MPG, miles per gallon. The time taken to cover those miles is irrelevant in total fuel consumption terms. If your figures were gallons per hour then your argument would be valid, but they're not. If you do 50 miles at 50 mpg you will use a gallon of fuel, whether that's at 30 mph or 50 mph makes no difference.

Pan Pan Pan

10,006 posts

113 months

Monday 25th June 2018
quotequote all
Evanivitch said:
Pan Pan Pan said:
Evanivitch said:
Pan Pan Pan said:
The one who would have to run their engine for almost another half an hour to get to the same destination, and at a speed that does not allow the engine to run in its most fuel efficient rev range.
Oh dear.

I suggest you retake GCSE maths.
Don't tell me your car runs on air, or perhaps you get to 50 mph and then just coast to your destination with the engine switched off?. Otherwise if you travel at 50 mph, and I at 70, your engine will have to carry on running for almost another half hour AFTER I have switched mine off to reach the same destination. Unless it runs on air of course!,
Keep going.

If both cars travel 50 miles, and one does 50 MPG, and one does 45 MPG, how many gallons will each car use?
The engine in the car (which will still have to deal with pulling the weight of the vehicle, and aerodynamic drag at 50 mph) but which have to carry on running for almost half an hour AFTER the engine in the 70 mph car has been switched off, will use almost the same if not more fuel for the same journey.
Doing 50 rather than 70 does almost nothing to reduce the OVERALL fuel use, and emissions, because the extra time the 50 mph car has to run to reach its destination will virtually wipe out the difference in fuel use between a car doing 50 and a car doing 70.

Jinx

11,457 posts

262 months

Monday 25th June 2018
quotequote all
speedking31 said:
PG, MPG, MPG, miles per gallon. The time taken to cover those miles is irrelevant in total fuel consumption terms. If your figures were gallons per hour then your argument would be valid, but they're not. If you do 50 miles at 50 mpg you will use a gallon of fuel, whether that's at 30 mph or 50 mph makes no difference.
MPG is measured with the Air conditioning off. Aircon (like all subsystems) are effectively measured in gallons per hour as such reducing their usage is the only way to improve efficiency. Ergo total time taken to destination is relevant in these discussions.

oyster

12,686 posts

250 months

Monday 25th June 2018
quotequote all
I'd count myself as a pro-car person. I'm not so pro-car though that I'd deliberately make myself look inept at basic maths.

Some of the nonsense being spouted is laughable.